Understanding The Proximity Effect Don't get too close...! The Proximity Effect describes how bass frequencies build up as we bring cardioid or bidirectional microphones closer to a sound source. Many dynamic, condenser, and ribbon microphones fall into one of these categories. Primarily affecting frequencies below 100 Hz, up to 16 dB of proximity-related boost can occur when the microphone is placed very close to the source. This apparent bass "boost" results from a combination of two things: the deliberate decrease in microphone transformer output at high frequencies, and the inverse square relationship of acoustical energy with respect to distance traveled. 1. Deliberate Decrease in Microphone Transformer Output at High Frequencies Believe it or not, most microphones are designed intentionally to decrease transformer output at higher frequencies. But why? Microphone designers decrease transformer output at high frequencies because high frequenci...
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